python实现12306登录并保存cookie的方法示例

经过倒腾12306的登录,还是实现了,请求头很重要...各位感兴趣的可以继续写下去.....

import sys
import time
import requests
from PIL import Image
import json
import os
import Headers
import SessionUtil
import UrlUtils
 
class Ticket(object):
 def __init__(self):
 self.answer = {
 "1": "40,40",
 "2": "110,40",
 "3": "180,40",
 "4": "260,40",
 "5": "40,120",
 "6": "110,120",
 "7": "180,120",
 "8": "260,120",
 }
 self.answer_code=''
 self.tk = ''
 
 def getDEVICEID(self):
 r = requests.get(UrlUtils.DEVICE_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).text
 try:
 dic = json.loads(r[18:-2].replace(" ", ""))
 except Exception:
 return ""
 return dic
 
 # 初始化 获取设备id 设置为cookie 必须
 def initialize(self):
 dic = self.getDEVICEID()
 if dic == "":
 print("网络获取指纹失败!使用默认id")
 RAIL_EXPIRATION = "1576651914389"
 RAIL_DEVICEID = "lBJStCNl0YGo_HVkGtwOo2LWziXcwzpIk5gc2vAILNYdRfaeZ04nJtZ1JZwgQIssMDksn10rAz6Hz-bekeufhAusaKJId8f2BCg05ocgrzc8-chv8h4IB-lQ9H04XjLXr2fbnHw-SLZga3PewEfgPz2s-mhp7NAz"
 else:
 print("网络获取指纹成功!")
 RAIL_EXPIRATION = dic["exp"]
 RAIL_DEVICEID = dic['dfp']
 SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_EXPIRATION", RAIL_EXPIRATION)
 SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_DEVICEID", RAIL_DEVICEID)
 
 def conf(self):
 res = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Conf_url, data=None, headers=Headers.ConFHeader)
 
 def uamtkstatic(self):
 data = {
 'appid': 'otn'
 }
 SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.UamtkStatic_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkStaticHead)
 
 def get_img_code(self):
 try:
 img = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Down_mg_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).content
 with open('code.jpg', 'wb') as f:
 f.write(img)
 except Exception:
 print("下载图片错误! 等待重试~~")
 time.sleep(1)
 self.get_img_code()
 
 def check_img(self):
 try:
 Image.open('code.jpg').show()
 except Exception:
 time.sleep(2)
 Image.open('code.jpg').show()
 print("+---1-------+----------+----------+----------+")
 print("| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |")
 print("|----------|----------|----------|----------|")
 print("| 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |")
 print("+----------+----------+----------+----------+")
 input_code = input("请在1—8中选择输入验证图片编号，以半角','隔开。(例如：1,3,5):")
 answer_code = ''
 try:
 for i in input_code.split(','):
 answer_code += ',' + self.answer[i] if (i is not input_code[0]) else self.answer[i]
 except Exception as e:
 print('输入错误请重新输入!')
 self.check_img()
 data = {
 'answer': answer_code,
 'rand': 'sjrand',
 'login_site': 'E',
 }
 response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Check_img_url, params=data, headers=Headers.BaseHead, )
 check_result = json.loads(response.text)
 print(check_result)
 try:
 if check_result['result_code'] == '4':
 print('*' * 20 + '验证码正确' + '*' * 20)
 self.answer_code=answer_code
 else:
 self.get_img_code()
 self.check_img()
 except Exception:
 self.get_img_code()
 self.check_img()
 
 # 校验密码正确
 def login(self, answer_code):
 user = ''
 password = ''
 try:
 with open("user.conf", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
 user = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("name=", '')
 password = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("pwd=", '')
 if user == "" or password == "":
 raise Exception
 except Exception:
 user = input("账号____:")
 password = input("密码____:")
 
 formdata = {
 'username': user,
 'password': password,
 'appid': 'otn',
 'answer': answer_code
 }
 login_result = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Login_url, data=formdata, headers=Headers.BaseHead)
 login_result.encoding = 'utf-8'
 login_result = login_result.json()
 print(login_result)
 if login_result["result_code"] != 0: #{'result_message': '登录名不存在。', 'result_code': 1}
 sys.exit(0)
 
 # 二次校验
 def userLogin(self):
 # 获取一系列的cookie值才能真正的登录成功
 response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.UserLogin_url, headers=Headers.UserLoginHead)
 # 更新JSESSIONID route
 response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Redirect_UserLogin_Url, headers=Headers.RedirectHead)
 
 def uamtk(self):
 # 获取 tk 下一个请求需要提交 tk 值
 data = {'appid': 'otn'}
 uamtk_page = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamtk_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkHeader)
 uamtk_page.encoding = 'utf-8'
 try:
 result = uamtk_page.json()
 print(result)
 if result['result_code'] != 0:
 raise Exception(result['result_message'])
 tk = result['newapptk']
 self.tk = tk
 except Exception:
 print("获取tk失败!")
 print("重试")
 self.run()
 
 def Uamauthclient(self):
 data = {'tk': self.tk}
 response = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamauthclient_url, data=data,
 headers=Headers.UamauthclientHeader)
 res = response.text
 try:
 dic = json.loads(res)
 print(dic)
 print(dic["username"] + ",欢迎登录!")
 except:
 print("登录失败!")
 self.run()
 # '{"result_code":0,"result_message":"验证通过","username":"XXX","apptk":"36yslXHez3_68-LtHvhI61mZkranjdw6kT9j4UMwEqrw1w0"}'
 
 def saveCookie(self):
 SessionUtil.save_cookies("12306cookies.txt")
 
 def getInfo(self):
 
 try:
 re = SessionUtil.session.post("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/modifyUser/initQueryUserInfoApi",
 headers=Headers.UserInfoHead)
 print(re.text)
 except:
 print("获取失败")
 
 def run(self):
 self.initialize()
 self.conf()
 self.uamtkstatic()
 self.get_img_code()
 self.check_img()
 self.login(self.answer_code)
 self.userLogin()
 self.uamtk()
 self.Uamauthclient()
 self.saveCookie()
 self.conf()
 self.getInfo()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
 t = Ticket()
 result = "":
 try:
 with open("12306cookies.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as fr:
 result = fr.read()
 except Exception:
 pass
 if result != "":
 SessionUtil.load_cookies("12306cookies.txt")
 t.initialize()
 t.conf()
 t.uamtkstatic()
 t.userLogin()
 t.uamtk()
 t.Uamauthclient()
 t.getInfo()
 else:
 t.run()

Headers:

BaseHead = {
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
 "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
 "Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
}
 
UserLoginHead = {
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
}
RedirectHead = {
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
 
}
 
UamtkHeader = {
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin',
 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
 'Accept': r'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
 'Origin': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn'
}
 
UamauthclientHeader = {
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
 "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
 'Referer': r'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin',
}
ConFHeader = {
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
 "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
 "Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
}
 
UamtkStaticHead = {
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
}
 
UserInfoHead = {
 "Accept": "*/*",
 "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
 "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
 "Cache-Control": "no-cache",
 "Connection": "keep-alive",
 "Content-Length": "0",
 "Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
 "Origin": "https://kyfw.12306.cn",
 "Pragma": "no-cache",
 "Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/view/information.html",
 "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
 "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin",
 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36",
 "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
}

SessionUtil

import requests
import urllib3
from http import cookiejar
urllib3.disable_warnings()
session = requests.Session()
session.verify = False # 取消验证 SSL
 
def setCookie(key,value):
 session.cookies.set(key,value)
 
 
def removeCookies(key=None):
 session.cookies.set(key, None) if key else session.cookies.clear()
 
 
def load_cookies(cookie_path="12306cookies.txt"):
 load_cookiejar = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar()
 load_cookiejar.load(cookie_path, ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True)
 load_cookies = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(load_cookiejar)
 session.cookies = requests.utils.cookiejar_from_dict(load_cookies)
 
def save_cookies(cookie_path="12306cookies.txt"):
 new_cookie_jar = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar(cookie_path)
 requests.utils.cookiejar_from_dict({c.name: c.value for c in session.cookies}, new_cookie_jar)
 new_cookie_jar.save(cookie_path, ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True)

UrlUtils

import time
DEVICE_url= 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/HttpZF/logdevice?algID=cS6Aw4inWV&hashCode=lZGX9bmwQGHuZPviiiBCrtoNPyHZ4pBG3jvF2dybZ6o&FMQw=0&q4f3=zh-CN&VySQ=FGGxHVb3AzlSM-oikvoZfGsTbD48DQud&VPIf=1&custID=133&VEek=unknown&dzuS=32.0 r0&yD16=0&EOQP=38437f3289ca7a613bb292a3de0dba2b&jp76=df7f80581243b062f0c64efc90666cd0&hAqN=Win32&platform=WEB&ks0Q=7523081fcf2454464b148398defb390a&TeRS=864x1536&tOHY=24xx864x1536&Fvje=i1l1o1s1&q5aJ=-8&wNLf=99115dfb07133750ba677d055874de87&0aew=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36&E3gR=7a13398746be6f51fe069c8a25001f12×tamp=' + str(round(time.time() * 1000))
 
#验证码下载地址
Down_mg_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-image?login_site=E&module=login&rand=sjrand&{}'.format(int(time.time() * 1000))
 
#验证码 验证地址
Check_img_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-check'
#登录地址 校验账号密码
Login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/login'
 
#二次校验
UserLogin_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/userLogin'
 
#重定向二次校验
Redirect_UserLogin_Url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin'
 
#获取 tk关键 url
Uamtk_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/auth/uamtk'
 
# 使用tk 校验
Uamauthclient_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/uamauthclient'
 
#使用cookie直接 请求这个就可以访问 api
Conf_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/conf'
 
 
UamtkStatic_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/auth/uamtk-static'
 
initMy12306Api_url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306Api"[/mw_shl_code]

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