python实现爬取图书封面

本文实例为大家分享了python实现爬取图书封面的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

kongfuzi.py

利用更换代理ip，延迟提交数据，设置请求头破解网站的反爬虫机制

import requests
import random
import time
 
 
class DownLoad():
 def __init__(self):
 self.ip_list = ['191.33.179.242:8080', '122.72.108.53:80', '93.190.142.214:80', '189.8.88.125:65301',
 '36.66.55.181:8080', '170.84.102.5:8080', '177.200.72.214:20183', '115.229.115.190:9000']
 
 self.user_agent_list = [
 'User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50',
 'User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-us) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50',
 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11'
 ]
 
 def get(self, url, proxy=None, timeout=20, num=5):
 print("正在请求%s" % url)
 UA = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)
 headers = {'User-Agent': UA}
 
 if proxy == None:
 try:
 return requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=timeout)
 except:
 if num > 0:
 time.sleep(10)
 return self.get(url, num=num - 1)
 else:
 time.sleep(10)
 IP = ''.join(random.choice(self.ip_list).strip())
 proxy = {'http': IP}
 return self.get(url, proxy=proxy, timeout=timeout)
 else:
 try:
 IP = ''.join(random.choice(self.ip_list).strip())
 proxy = {'http': IP}
 return requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxy=proxy, timeout=timeout)
 except:
 if num > 0:
 time.sleep(10)
 IP = ''.join(random.choice(self.ip_list).strip())
 proxy = {'http': IP}
 print("正在更换代理")
 print("当前代理%s" % proxy)
 return self.get(url, proxy=proxy, num=num - 1)

main.py

将爬取的图片保存到本地，然后展示到界面

import kongfuzi
import os
import requests
import bs4
from tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
 
 
# 下载图片，生成图片地址列表和图书信息列表
def download():
 baseUrl = "http://search.kongfz.com"
 keyword = e1.get()
 url = baseUrl + "/product_result/?select=0&key=" + keyword
 print("下载链接：" + url)
 show(url)
 
 
# bs4处理
def changesoup(html):
 htm = html.content
 html_doc = str(htm, 'utf-8')
 soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(html_doc, "html.parser")
 return soup
 
 
# 图书信息集合
def bookinfo(soup):
 # 图书价格列表
 price = []
 soupprice = soup.select(".first-info .f_right .bold")
 for i in soupprice:
 price.append(i.string)
 
 # 书店名列表
 storename = []
 soupstorename = soup.select(".text a span")
 for each in soupstorename:
 if each.string == None:
 soupstorename.remove(each)
 for i in soupstorename:
 storename.append(i.string)
 
 # 商家地区列表
 place = []
 soupplace = soup.select(".user-place")
 for i in soupplace:
 place.append(i.string)
 
 # 书名列表
 bookname = []
 bookname1 = soup.select(
 ".search-wrap .search-main .search-main-result .result-content .result-list .item .item-info .title .link")
 # print(len(bookname1))
 # print(bookname1)
 for each in bookname1:
 print(each)
 # a = bs4.BeautifulSoup(each, "html.parser")
 a = each.get_text()
 print(a)
 # type(a)
 # a = bs4.BeautifulSoup(a, "html.parser")
 # b = a.get_text()
 bookname.append(a)
 # print(bookname)
 # print(len(bookname))
 
 return bookname, price, place, storename
 
 
# 保存图片
def imgsave(soup):
 dirName = "image"
 os.makedirs(dirName, exist_ok=True)
 filePathList = []
 imgUrl = soup.select(".search-main-result .result-content .result-list .item .item-img .img-box img")
 
 # print(imgUrl)
 if not imgUrl:
 print("没有找到当前节点下图片")
 else:
 i = 0
 for imageUrls in imgUrl:
 # 找到图片地址 获取它
 downloadUrl = imageUrls.get('src')
 # if downloadUrl == "/searchfront/img/error.jpg":
 # downloadUrl = "http://book.kongfz.com/img/pc/error.jpg"
 print("打印要下载的图片地址:", downloadUrl)
 # http://book.kongfz.com/img/pc/error.jpg
 # 分割字符
 split = downloadUrl.split("/")
 # 只保留最后一个元素
 fileName = str(i) + "-" + os.path.basename(split[len(split) - 1])
 print("文件名：" + fileName)
 # 建立一个新路径
 filePath = os.path.join(dirName, fileName)
 filePathList.append(filePath)
 if not os.path.exists(filePath):
 imageUrlPath = requests.get(downloadUrl)
 # 检查当前网络是否请求成功
 imageUrlPath.raise_for_status()
 # 'wb'二进制模式打开img适用
 imageFile = open(filePath, 'wb')
 for image in imageUrlPath.iter_content(10000):
 # 把每次遍历的文件图像都存储进文件夹中
 imageFile.write(image)
 # 关闭文件
 imageFile.close()
 i = i + 1
 return filePathList
 
# 图片展示
def show(url):
 xz = kongfuzi.DownLoad()
 html = xz.get(url)
 
 # 添加代理ip到ip_list
 add_ip = e2.get()
 xz.ip_list.append(add_ip)
 
 soup = changesoup(html)
 bookname, price, place, storename = bookinfo(soup)
 # print(bookname)
 # print(price)
 # print(place)
 # print(storename)
 filePathList = imgsave(soup)
 root1 = Toplevel()
 root1.geometry("1720x800")
 root1.title("孔网图片爬取")
 
 # 处理图片，转换成可以显示
 photo = []
 temp = []
 for each in filePathList:
 temp = Image.open(each)
 photo.append(ImageTk.PhotoImage(temp))
 
 canvas = Canvas(root1, width=1700, height=800, scrollregion=(0, 0, 0, 4000)) # 创建canvas
 canvas.place(x=10, y=10) # 放置canvas的位置
 
 frame = Frame(canvas) # 把frame放在canvas里
 frame.place(width=1680, height=800)
 
 for i in range(50):
 # 图片行列
 rownum = int(i / 5)
 columnnum = i % 5
 
 # photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(filePathList[i]))
 imgLabel1 = Label(frame, image=photo[i], width=280, height=280)
 imgLabel1.grid(row=rownum * 5, column=columnnum, padx=10, pady=5)
 
 infoLabel1 = Label(frame, text="书名：" + bookname[i], bg="#FFF8DC", justify=LEFT)
 infoLabel1.grid(row=rownum * 5 + 1, column=columnnum, padx=45, pady=2, sticky=W)
 infoLabel2 = Label(frame, text="价格：" + price[i] + "元", bg="#FFF8DC", justify=LEFT)
 infoLabel2.grid(row=rownum * 5 + 2, column=columnnum, padx=45, pady=2, sticky=W)
 infoLabel3 = Label(frame, text="发货地区：" + place[i], bg="#FFF8DC", justify=LEFT)
 infoLabel3.grid(row=rownum * 5 + 3, column=columnnum, padx=45, pady=2, sticky=W)
 infoLabel4 = Label(frame, text="书店：" + storename[i], bg="#FFF8DC", justify=LEFT)
 infoLabel4.grid(row=rownum * 5 + 4, column=columnnum, padx=45, pady=2, sticky=W)
 
 vbar = Scrollbar(canvas, orient=VERTICAL) # 竖直滚动条
 vbar.place(x=1680, width=20, height=800)
 vbar.configure(command=canvas.yview)
 canvas.config(yscrollcommand=vbar.set) # 设置
 canvas.create_window((800, 2000), window=frame)
 
 mainloop()
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 界面
 root = Tk()
 root.title("孔网图片爬取")
 e1 = Entry(root)
 e2 = Entry(root)
 e1.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=20, pady=20)
 e2.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=20, pady=20)
 label1 = Label(root, text="关键字", width=10).grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)
 label2 = Label(root, text="添加代理ip", width=10).grid(row=0, column=3, padx=10, pady=5)
 btn1 = Button(root, text="搜索", width=10, command=download).grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=5)
 # print(e1.get())
 mainloop()

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。